HIQA: RSV Immunisation Safe, Effective, but Costly for Ireland; €15.6m-€70.6m Over 5 Years
HIQA confirms RSV immunisation is safe and effective, significantly reducing hospitalisations, especially for infants. However, it is very expensive, with estimated costs to the HSE ranging from €15.6 million to €70.6 million over five years. The high cost presents a challenge despite its benefits in reducing illness burden and hospital overcrowding.
The Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA) has stated that immunisation against Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is safe and effective, significantly reducing hospitalisation, particularly in infants who bear the highest disease burden. HIQA published a detailed assessment for potential wider immunisation in Ireland for infants and older people, confirming all products are safe and effective.
RSV is a common seasonal viral infection affecting lungs and airways. Annually, over 7,000 people are diagnosed with RSV in Ireland, leading to about 1,800 hospital discharges and 130 ICU stays for children under two, and around 120 hospital discharges for those aged 65 and older. The study, requested by the Department of Health, aims to inform long-term policy decisions.
Estimated vaccination costs to the HSE over five years range from €15.6 million for maternal vaccines for pregnant women (baby born during RSV season) to €58.5 million for monoclonal antibody immunisation for all babies born during their first RSV season. A monoclonal antibody costs about €301, while maternal and adult vaccines are around €165 each (all excluding VAT). Offering the vaccine to adults aged 80 and older, the most at-risk group for hospitalisation and death, is estimated at €70.6 million over five years for a once-off dose.
Dr. Máirín Ryan, HIQA Deputy CEO, noted RSV creates a substantial illness burden for vulnerable groups and challenges for the health system, especially in paediatric care. While immunisation would reduce winter hospital overcrowding and enhance system resilience, its high cost is a concern. HIQA acknowledges uncertainty in product costs and potential for price reductions through competitive tender. The HSE introduced a pilot RSV vaccination programme in 2024 for premature and high-risk newborns during the RSV season (early September to end of February).